1. Cov kev lag luam textile thiab khaub ncaws muaj peev xwm loj hlob tuaj.
Thaum pib, muaj peev xwm nqis peev ntau heev. Kazakhstan yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev Silk Road thaum ub thiab tau txais kev pab raws li ib qho ntawm thawj tus neeg txhawb nqa ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm "Belt and Road" teg num. Raws li lub hub txuas nrog cov teb chaws Europe thiab Asia, nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam ncaj qha txawv teb chaws hauv Central Asia. Hauv tsib lub xyoos dhau los, kev nqis peev hauv Kazakhstan tau kwv yees li $ 20 nphom hauv ib xyoos, thiab cov neeg ua lag luam txaus siab rau hauv lub tebchaws tseem nce ntxiv.
Qhov thib ob, txoj cai kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Nyob rau xyoo 2023, Kazakhstan tau siv ntau txoj kev pib tshiab txhawm rau txhim kho kev lag luam ib puag ncig thiab cov xwm txheej, txhim kho lub teb chaws "Kev Lag Luam Yooj Yim" kev txhawb nqa kev lag luam, thiab maj mam nce kev txhawb nqa (subsidies, guarantees) rau cov chaw lag luam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub teeb kev lag luam thiab textiles muaj peev xwm loj hlob tuaj. Ntawm qhov tod tes, Kazakhstan nyob hauv thaj av uas tsim cov khoom siv raw xws li Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, thiab Turkmenistan. Hloov pauv, nws tseem ciam teb cov lag luam loj xws li Russia, Asia, Europe, thiab Middle East. Nrog ntau cov peev txheej ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg siv khoom xav tau zoo, muaj chav txaus rau kev tsim textile thiab khaub ncaws ua. Txawm hais tias Kazakhstan qhov kev lag luam tsis tshua muaj teeb meem, lub teb chaws tau tsim ib cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb rau kev lag luam rau textiles hauv South Kazakhstan, los txhawb kev lag luam no.
Plaub, lub teb chaws txoj kev khwv nyiaj txiag muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Kazakhstan yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tswj hwm kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam. Lub tebchaws United Nations tau kwv yees tias Kazakhstan txoj kev lag luam yuav muaj kev loj hlob ntawm 4.8% hauv 2024 thiab 4% hauv 2025. Raws li cov nyiaj tau los nce ntxiv, cov neeg siv khoom xav tau rau textiles thiab khaub ncaws yuav loj hlob ntxiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tub ntxhais hluas, uas yuav los ua thawj. cov neeg siv khoom.
2. Kev thov rau cov khoom siv xaws yog xav tias yuav nce ntxiv.
Txawm hais tias muaj kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm COVID-19 kev sib kis thoob plaws lub xyoo dhau los, Kazakhstan qhov kev xa khoom ntawm ntau yam khoom siv xaws tau txuas ntxiv ua rau pom kev nce xyoo ib xyoo, nrog rau cov khoom siv hauv paus txuas ntxiv nthuav dav.
Los ntawm lub teb chaws txoj kev npaj tswv yim pom zoo, kev lag luam textile yog ib qho ntawm xya qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws los ntawm tsoomfwv rau kev txhim kho. Tsis ntev los no, Kazakh Ministry of Industry thiab Infrastructure Development tau tshaj tawm tias kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam teeb pom kev zoo, suav nrog textiles, apparel, tawv, pluab, thiab khau, tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau tsoomfwv Kazakhstan. Tsoom fwv sim los txhawb kev sib sib zog nqus ua hauv tsev, txo cov khoom siv raw khoom, thiab pab txhawb kev hloov pauv. Cov kws tshaj lij thoob ntiaj teb pom zoo tias Kazakhstan tsim nws tus kheej los ua lub chaw tsim khoom tshiab, los ntawm kev tsim cov khoom qub rau cov hom Western loj.
Cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais qhia tau hais tias kev siv txhua xyoo ntawm Kazakhstan cov khoom lag luam textile thiab khaub ncaws ntau tshaj $ 800 lab rau $ 1 billion hauv kev lag luam hauv qab. Raws li lub teb chaws txoj kev lag luam loj hlob sai thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua neej zoo dua, kev yuav khoom ntawm textiles, khaub ncaws, khau, thiab lwm yam khoom lag luam teeb pom kev zoo nce ntxiv. Tam sim no, lub zog zam tam sim no tau tshwm sim hauv Kazakhstan, nrog cov qauv tsim hauv zos tau dhau los ua qhov sib txawv. Ntau tus neeg tau xaiv los yuav cov khaub ncaws uas tsim los ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom hauv tsev, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov khaub ncaws hauv zos, tsim khoom, thiab kev tsim khoom lag luam.
Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm lub xeev tam sim no ntawm Kazakhstan txoj kev lag luam xaws tau nthuav tawm tias cov cuab yeej siv tsis tu ncua thiab cov txheej txheem dhau los tau nthuav dav. Kev txheeb cais qhia tias 80% ntawm cov khoom lag luam teeb pom kev lag luam hauv Kazakhstan yog qhov qub, nrog rau feem ntau ntawm cov cuab yeej yos rov qab rau xyoo 1980s. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom lag luam textile hauv zos tsis tuaj yeem sib tw nrog kev xa khoom ntawm ntau yam, kev siv tshuab, lossis nqi. Muaj kev xav tau kev hloov kho tshiab thiab kev hloov kho tshiab, uas nthuav tawm ntau lub sijhawm rau kev txuas ntxiv ntawm cov cuab yeej xaws qib siab.
